What is the primary medication used for anaphylaxis?

Epinephrine is the primary medication used for the treatment of anaphylaxis because it acts as a potent and rapid stimulant of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system. In cases of anaphylaxis, which is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, the body experiences a drastic drop in blood pressure, bronchoconstriction, and swelling of the airway.

Epinephrine works by causing vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure, and also promotes bronchodilation, which alleviates respiratory distress. It essentially counteracts the severe effects of allergic reactions, including the swelling and tightening of airways, and increases heart rate and contractility to stabilize the patient.

Using epinephrine as soon as symptoms of anaphylaxis are noted is critical, as timely administration can significantly improve outcomes. Other medications such as antihistamines, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids may play roles in the management of allergic reactions, but they do not act quickly enough to be effective in anaphylactic shock, which is why epinephrine is considered the first-line treatment.