In a patient experiencing an allergic reaction, what is the first treatment priority?

In the case of an allergic reaction, the first treatment priority is the administration of an adrenaline injection. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is essential for quickly reversing the life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis, which is a severe and potentially fatal allergic reaction. When injected, adrenaline works to constrict blood vessels, thereby increasing blood pressure, and it also relaxes the muscles around the airways to help improve breathing. Additionally, it reduces swelling and hives, which are common symptoms of severe allergic reactions.

Other treatments, such as antihistamines and corticosteroids, play valuable roles in managing allergic reactions and less severe symptoms, but they do not act as quickly or effectively as adrenaline in acute situations. Oxygen therapy can be important in support of respiratory function but does not treat the underlying allergic response or its immediate life-threatening effects. Therefore, the priority in a severe allergic reaction is to stabilize the patient with adrenaline before considering additional treatments.